Babushkin (; masculine) or Babushkina (; feminine) is a Russian surname derived from the word "", meaning "grandmother" or "elderly woman". Notable people with the surname include:
Andrei Babushkin (1964–2022), Russian sociologist and human rights activist Ivan Babushkin (1873–1906), Russian politician and revolutionary Mikhail Babushkin (1893–1938), Russian aviator and Hero of the Soviet Union Olesya Babushkina (born 1989), Belarusian gymnast