This list covers all known stars, white dwarfs, brown dwarfs, and sub-brown dwarfs/rogue planets within of the Sun. So far, 133 such objects have been found. Only 22 are bright enough to be visible without a telescope, for which the star's visible light needs to reach or exceed the dimmest brightness visible to the naked eye from Earth, which is typically around 6.5 apparent magnitude.
The known 133 objects are bound in 95 stellar systems. Of those, 103 are main sequence stars: 78 red dwarfs and 25 "typical" stars having greater mass. Additionally, astronomers have found 6 white dwarfs (stars that have exhausted all fusible hydrogen), 20 brown dwarfs, as well as 4 sub-brown dwarfs. The closest system is Alpha Centauri, with Proxima Centauri as the closest star in that system, at 4.2465 light-years from Earth. The brightest, most massive and most luminous object among those 131 is Sirius A, which is also the brightest star in Earth's night sky; its white dwarf companion Sirius B is the hottest object among them. The largest object within 20 light-years is Procyon.
The Solar System, and the other stars/dwarfs listed here, are currently moving within (or near) the Local Interstellar Cloud, roughly across. The Local Interstellar Cloud is, in turn, contained inside the Local Bubble, a cavity in the interstellar medium about across. It contains Ursa Major and the Hyades star cluster, among others. The Local Bubble also contains the neighboring G-Cloud, which contains the stars Alpha Centauri and Altair. In the galactic context, the Local Bubble is a small part of the Orion Arm, which contains most stars that we can see without a telescope. The Orion Arm is one of the spiral arms of our Milky Way galaxy.
Astrometrics
The easiest way to determine stellar distance to the Sun for objects at these distances is parallax, which measures how much stars appear to move against background objects over the course of Earth's orbit around the Sun. As a parsec (parallax-second) is defined by the distance of an object that would appear to move exactly one second of arc against background objects, stars less than 5 parsecs away will have measured parallaxes of over 0.2 arcseconds, or 200 milliarcseconds. Determining past and future positions relies on accurate astrometric measurements of their parallax and total proper motions (how far they move across the sky due to their actual velocity relative to the Sun), along with spectroscopically determined radial velocities (their speed directly towards or away from us, which combined with proper motion defines their true movement through the sky relative to the Sun). Both of these measurements are subject to increasing and significant errors over very long time spans, especially over the several thousand-year time spans it takes for stars to noticeably move relative to each other.
Based on results from the Gaia telescope's second data release from April 2018, an estimated 694 stars will approach the Solar System to less than 5 parsecs in the next 15 million years. Of these, 26 have a good probability to come within and another 7 within . This number is likely much higher, due to the sheer number of stars needed to be surveyed; a star approaching the Solar System 10 million years ago, moving at a typical Sun-relative 20–200 kilometers per second, would be 600–6,000 light-years from the Sun at present day, with millions of stars closer to the Sun. The closest encounter to the Sun so far predicted is the low-mass orange dwarf star Gliese 710 / HIP 89825 with roughly 60% the mass of the Sun. It is currently predicted to pass ( au) from the Sun in million years from the present, close enough to significantly disturb the Solar System's Oort cloud.
List
+Key Visible to the unaided eye (apparent magnitude of +6.5 or brighter) Luminous star (absolute magnitude of +8.5 or brighter) White dwarf §Brown dwarf Sub-brown dwarf or rogue planet Nearest in constellation
The classes of the stars and brown dwarfs are shown in the color of their spectral types (these colors are derived from conventional names for the spectral types and do not necessarily represent the star's observed color). Many brown dwarfs are not listed by visual magnitude but are listed by near-infrared J band apparent magnitude due to how dim (and often invisible) they are in visible color bands (U, B or V). Absolute magnitude (with electromagnetic wave, 'light' band denoted in subscript) is a measurement at a 10-parsec distance across imaginary empty space devoid of all its sparse dust and gas. Some of the parallaxes and resultant distances are rough measurements.
+ Known systems within Designation From parallax.(ly) RA/Dec(Ep. & Eq. J2000) Stellarclass Mass(M☉) Magnitude () ParallaxParallaxes given by RECONS are a weighted mean of values in the sources given, as well as measurements by the RECONS program.(mas) Notes and additional references System Name App. Abs. Solar System Sun (Sol) 0.0000158 G2V1 −26.74 4.85 8 confirmed major planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune), at least 9 likely dwarf planets (Ceres, Pluto, Orcus, Gonggong, Haumea, Makemake, Quaoar, Eris, and Sedna), 2 asteroid belts and one possible candidate planet (Planet 9) Alpha Centauri Proxima Centauri (C, V645 Centauri) 4.2465 Cen M5.5Ve0.122 11.09 15.53 768.0665 flare star, two confirmed planets (b, 2016 and d, 2025) and a candidate planet (c, 2019) Video of discovery being discussed (accidentally announced?) Rigil Kentaurus (A) 4.3441 G2V1.079 0.01 4.38 750.81 one directly imaged habitable-zone planet candidate (Alpha Centauri Ab) (2021) Toliman (B) K1V0.909 1.34 5.71 planet b refuted in 2015 Barnard's Star (BD+04°3561a) 5.9629 Oph M4.0Ve0.144 9.53 13.22 546.9759 flare star, largest-known proper motion, four confirmed planets (d, b, c, and e) Luhman 16(WISE 1049−5319) A§ 6.5102 Vel L8±10.032 10.7 J 14.2 J 500.993 nearest brown dwarfs B§ T1±20.027 WISE 0855−0714 7.430 Hya Y4 0.003-0.010 25.0 J 28.2 J 439.0 sub-brown dwarf Wolf 359 (CN Leonis) 7.856 Leo M6.0V0.090 13.44 16.55 415.1794 flare star, has 1 candidate & 1 refuted planet Lalande 21185 (BD+36°2147, Gliese 411, HD 95735) 8.3044 UMa M2.0V0.390 7.47 10.44 392.7529 two known planets (2019, 2021) Sirius (Alpha Canis Majoris) A 8.7094 CMa A1V2.063 −1.46 1.42 374.4896 brightest star in the night sky B DA21.018 8.44 11.34 Gliese 65 (Luyten 726–8) A (BL Ceti) 8.770 Cet M5.5Ve0.102 12.54 15.40 371.92flare star (Archetypal member), has 1 candidate planet B (UV Ceti) M6.0Ve0.100 12.99 15.85 Ross 154 (V1216 Sagittarii) 9.7063 Sgr M3.5Ve0.17 10.43 13.07 336.0266 flare star Ross 248 (HH Andromedae) 10.3057 And M5.5Ve0.136 12.29 14.79 316.4812 flare star Epsilon Eridani (Ran) 10.4749 Eri K2V0.820 3.73 6.19 311.37 three circumstellar disks,one confirmed planet (AEgir, 2000) and one candidate (c, 2002) Gliese 887 (Lacaille 9352) 10.7241 PsA M0.5V0.486 7.34 9.75 304.1354flare star, four planets, b, c, d, and e with equivocal evidence for a fifth in the inner system as well as a possible outer giant. Ross 128 (FI Virginis) 11.0074 Vir M4.0Vn0.168 11.13 13.51 296.3053 flare star, one planet (b) (2017) EZ Aquarii(Gliese 866, Luyten 789-6) A 11.109 Aqr M5.0Ve0.11 13.33 15.64 293.60 A & B flare stars B M?0.11 13.27 15.58 C M?0.10 14.03 16.34 61 Cygni A (BD+38°4343) 11.4039 Cyg K5.0V 0.70 5.21 7.49 286.0054 first star (besides Sun) to have its distance measured. A parallax of 313.6 mas yields a distance of 10.4 light yearsB flare star, with a candidate super-Jupiter planet. Possible circumstellar disk. B (BD+38°4344) K7.0V 0.63 6.03 8.31 Procyon (Alpha Canis Minoris) A 11.463 CMi F5IV–V1.499 0.38 2.66 284.56 B DQZ0.602 10.70 12.98 Struve 2398(Gliese 725, BD+59°1915) A (HD 173739) 11.4908 Dra M3.0V0.334 8.90 11.16 283.8401 flare stars, star B has 2 candidate planets B (HD 173740) M3.5V0.248 9.69 11.95 Groombridge 34(Gliese 15) A (GX Andromedae) 11.6191 And M1.5V 0.38 8.08 10.32 280.7068 flare star, two known planets (Ab, 2014, and Ac, 2018) B (GQ Andromedae) M3.5V0.15 11.06 13.30 flare star DX Cancri (G 51-15) 11.6797 Cnc M6.5Ve0.09 14.78 16.98 279.2496 flare star Epsilon Indi(CPD−57°10015) A 11.8670 Ind K5Ve0.754 4.69 6.89 274.8431 one planet (Ab) (2018) Ba§ T1.0V0.065 12.3 J (main page) 14.5 J Bb§ T6.0V0.050 13.2 J 15.4 J Tau Ceti (BD−16°295) 11.9118 Cet G8.5Vp0.783 3.49 5.68 273.8097 debris disk, and evidence for four planets (e, f, g, and h) (2012, 2017), and further four suspected planets (b, c, d, and "i") (2012, 2019) GJ 1061 (LHS 1565) 11.9839 Hor M5.5V0.113 13.09 15.26 272.1615 has 3 known planets (2019) YZ Ceti (LHS 138) 12.1222 Cet M4.5V0.130 12.02 14.17 269.0573 flare star, three planets (b, c, and d) (2017) Luyten's Star (BD+05°1668) 12.3485 CMi M3.5Vn0.26 9.86 11.97 264.1269 two planets (b, c) (2017) and two suspected planets (d, e) (2019) Teegarden's Star (SO025300.5+165258) 12.4970 Ari M6.5V0.08 15.14 17.22 260.9884 has 3 known planets (2019, 2024) Kapteyn's Star (CD−45°1841) 12.8308 Pic M1.5VI 0.281 8.84 10.87 254.1986 two refuted planets (b and c) (2014) Lacaille 8760 (AX Microscopii) 12.9472 Mic M0.0V 0.60 6.67 8.69 251.9124 brightest M dwarf star in night sky, flare star SCR 1845−6357 A 13.0638 Pav M8.5V0.07 17.39 19.41 249.6651 B§ T60.03 13.3 J 15.3 J Kruger 60(BD+56°2783) A 13.0724 Cep M3.0V0.271 9.79 11.76 249.5 B flare star B (DO Cephei) M4.0V0.176 11.41 13.38 DENIS J1048−3956 13.1932 Ant M8.5V0.08 17.39 19.37 247.2156 Ross 614(V577 Monocerotis, Gliese 234) A (LHS 1849) 13.363 Mon M4.5V0.223 11.15 13.09 244.07 A flare star B (LHS 1850) M5.5V0.111 14.23 16.17UGPS J0722-0540& 13.43 Mon T90.010-0.025 16.52 J 18.45 J 242.8 Wolf 1061 (Gliese 628, BD−12°4523) 14.0500 Oph M3.0V0.294 10.07 11.93 232.1390 three planets (b, c, and d) (2015) Van Maanen's Star (Gliese 35, LHS 7) 14.0718 Psc DZ70.67 12.38 14.21 231.7800 closest-known free-floating white dwarf,third-known white dwarfpossible debris disk (1917) Gliese 1 (CD−37°15492) 14.1747 Scl M1.5 V0.45-0.48 8.55 10.35 230.0970 TZ Arietis (Gliese 83.1, L 1159–16) 14.5780 Ari M4.5V0.14 12.27 14.03 223.7321 flare star, has one confirmed planet (b) Wolf 424(FL Virginis, LHS 333, Gliese 473) A 14.595 Vir M5.5Ve0.143 13.18 14.97 223.4775 flare stars B M7Ve0.131 13.17 14.96 Gliese 687 (LHS 450, BD+68°946) 14.8395 Dra M3.0V0.401 9.17 10.89 219.7898 possible flare star, two planets (b) (2014)The Lick–Carnegie exoplanet survey: Gliese 687 b: A Neptune-mass planet orbiting a nearby red dwarf and (c) (2020) Accepted for publication by ApJS Gliese 674 (LHS 449) 14.8492 Ara M3.0V0.35 9.38 11.09 219.6463 one planet (b) (2007) LHS 292 (LP 731-58) 14.8706 Sex M6.5V0.08 15.60 17.32 219.3302 flare star Gliese 440 (WD 1142-645, LP 145–141) 15.1226 Mus DQ60.75 11.50 13.18 215.6753 GJ 1245 A (G 208-44 A) 15.2001 Cyg M5.5V0.11 13.46 15.17 214.5745 flare stars B (G 208-45) M6.0V0.10 14.01 15.72 C (G 208-44 B) M5.50.07 16.75 18.46 WISE 1741+2553§ 15.22 Her T9 16.53 J 18.18 J 214.3 Gliese 876 (Ross 780) 15.2382 Aqr M3.5V0.37 10.17 11.81 214.0380 four planets (d (2005), c (2001), b (1998), and e (2010)) WISE 1639−6847§ 15.336 TrA Y0.5 20.57 J 22.10 J 212.67 LHS 288 (Luyten 143-23) 15.7586 Car M5.5V0.11 13.90 15.51 206.9698 GJ 1002 15.8060 Cet M5.5V0.11 13.76 15.40 206.3500 two known planets (b & c, 2022) DENIS 0255−4700§ 15.877 Eri L7.5V0.025-0.065 22.92 24.44 205.4251 Groombridge 1618 (Gliese 380) 15.8857 UMa K7.0V0.67 6.59 8.16 205.3148 flare star, one suspected debris disk Gliese 412 A 15.9969 UMa M1.0V0.48 8.77 10.34 203.8876 B (WX Ursae Majoris) M5.5V0.10 14.48 16.05 flare star AD Leonis 16.1939 Leo M3.0V0.39-0.42 9.32 10.87 201.4064 flare star, one refuted planet (b in 2020) Gliese 832 16.2005 Gru M1.5 V0.45 8.66 10.20 201.3252 possible flare star, two planets; one confirmed (b (2008)), and the other now refuted (c (2014)) Gliese 682 (CD-44 11909) 16.3328 Sco M4 V 0.27 10.95 12.45 199.6944 has two disputed planets Omicron2 Eridani(40 Eridani, Gliese 166)