Romanenko () is a Ukrainian patronymic surname derived from the first name Roman. Notable people with the surname include:
Alexei Romanenko, Russian-American cellist Prokofy Romanenko (1897–1949), Soviet general Roman Romanenko (born 1971), Russian cosmonaut, son of Yuri Romanenko Tetyana Romanenko, Ukrainian football striker Vitali Romanenko (1926 – 2010), Ukrainian sport shooter Vladimir Romanenko (born 1987), Russian professional footballer Volodymyr Romanenko, professional Ukrainian football midfielder Vsevolod Romanenko (born 1977), Ukrainian football player Yuri Romanenko (born 1944), Soviet cosmonaut
Fictional characters Nastasha Romanenko, fictional character in the Metal Gear series
See also
Romanenko, Volgograd Oblast, Russia Romaniuk Romanenkov Romanov