Roads in Romania

Public roads in Romania are ranked according to importance and traffic as follows: motorways (autostradă – pl. autostrăzi) – colour: green; designation: A followed by one or two digits expressways (drum – pl. drumuri express) – colour: red; designation: DEx followed by one or two digits and an optional letter national road (drum național – pl. drumuri naționale) – colour: red; designation: DN followed by one or two digits and an optional letter county road (drum județean – pl. drumuri județene) – colour: blue; designation: DJ followed by three digits and an optional letter; unique numbers per county local road (drum – pl. drumuri comunale) – colour: yellow; designated DC followed by a number and an optional letter; unique numbers per county

Some of the national roads are part of the European route scheme. European routes passing through Romania: E58; E60; E70; E85; E79; E81; E68; E87 (Class A); E574; E576; E581; E583; E671; E771.

As of 31 December 2021, public roads totaled : 17,530 km (20.3%) national roads, 35,096 km (40.7%) county roads and 33,573 km (39%) local roads.

From the point of view of the type of cover, the structure of the public road network registers at the end of 2022 was: 41,653 km (48,2%) modernized roads (94,1% with asphalt pavements of heavy/medium type and 5.9% with concrete), 20,956  km (24.3%) with light-duty asphalt surface, 15,713 km (18,2%) stone paving (such as sett paving or cobblestone roads) and 8,014  km (9,3%) dirt roads.

Regarding the technical condition, 29,9% of modernized roads and 41,1% of roads with light road clothing have exceeded their "service life".

Motorways

Development of the overall length (at the end of):

+Total length of highways in use in Romania Year 1972 1987 2000 2002 2004 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 Length in km 96 113 113* 113* 228 262 262* 304 332 390 530 635 685 711 732 748 806 850 914 946 996 1,033 1,272

Motorways are identified by A followed by a number. As of April 2024, Romania has 1,098 km of motorway in use, with another 720 km under construction. In recent years, a master plan for the national motorway network has been developed and many works have begun around the country, which will result in significant changes by 2015, and eventually by 2022.

There are few tolls for using roads in Romania. There is one at the Giurgeni – Vadu Oii Bridge over the river Danube on highway DN2A at Vadu Oii and one at the Cernavodă Bridge, on the A2 motorway, a 17 km long section between Fetești and Cernavodă which consists of two road/railway bridges. Nevertheless, every owner of a car that uses a motorway (A) or a national road (DN) in Romania must purchase a vignette (rovinietă) from any of the main petrol stations or at any post office throughout the country.

Trunk Motorway Route Planned (km) / Built (km) Remarks Beltway around Bucharest 101 / 70 The southern half opened in 2025 and is operational. Only the Corbeanca–Afumati section in the northern half is complete; the remaining sections are under construction. Bucharest – Pitești – Sibiu – Deva – Lugoj – Timișoara – Arad – Nădlac → Hungary 580 / 487 Bucharest – Curtea de Argeș (140 km), Boița – Holdea (187 km), Margina – Nădlac (159 km) sections are operational. Between Boița–Nădlac, the tunnels from Holdea–Margina are under construction. The Boița–Sibiu section was opened at the end of 2022. Bucharest – Fetești – Cernavodă – Constanța 203 / 203 Operational on the entire length; first fully completed Romanian motorway. Bucharest – Ploiești – Brașov – Sighișoara – Târgu Mureș – Cluj-Napoca – Zalău – Oradea – Borș → Hungary 596 / 203 Bucharest – Ploiești (65.19 km), Râṣnov – Cristian (6.3 km), Târgu Mureș – Nădășelu (113.05 km), Nușfalău – Suplacu de Barcău (13.55 km) and Biharia – Borș (5.35 km) sectors are operational. Nădășelu – Mihăesti – Zimbor (30.06 km) and Zimbor – Poarta Sălajului (12.24 km) are under construction. The exits to DN73 at Cristian and DN15 at Târgu Mureș, while not part of A3, are built to expressway standards. Ovidiu – Agigea 60 / 22 Constanța bypass complete as motorway and in use. The northern end is planned to be extended to Tulcea along the Dobrogea express road (DEx8). A southern extension bypassing Techirghol is under feasibility studies. Bucharest – Giurgiu → Bulgaria ~55 / 0 Status unclear; "A5" originally used on Sibiu - Brașov (now part of the A13). Junction with A1 at Balinț – Drobeta-Turnu Severin – Craiova – Alexandria – Bucharest 260 / 11 Operational between the junction with A1 and the Lugoj bypass. Feasibility studies for Bucharest - Alexandria, Filiasi - Drobeta-Turnu Severin - Caransebeș - Lugoj sections have been tendered. Junction with A3 near Ploiești – Bacău – Suceava – Siret → Ukraine 436 / 123 Bacău bypass (16 km), Focșani bypass (10.94 km), A3 - Mizil (21 km) , Buzău - Focșani (82.44 km) and Mizil - Buzău (42.25 km) are operational, Focșani – Bacău (96.052 km) is partly operational, Săucești (Bacău) – Pașcani (77.38 km) are under construction. Pașcani - Suceava (61.97 km) is under auction. Suceava–Siret (58.991 km) is under feasibility studies. Junction with A3 near Târgu Mureș – Sovata – Târgu Neamț – Junction with A7 – Pașcani – Iași – Ungheni → Moldova 318 / 0 East-West motorway between Transylvania and Moldova initially estimated to be first open in 2009. Feasibility studies conducted in 2009–2011; Feasibility studies revision and update contracted in 2015. First contracts to be tendered in 2023, and first openings by 2026. Planned to be completed by 2030. Junction with A1 near Timișoara – Moravița → Serbia 92 / 0 Intended to connect Timișoara to Serbia's motorway network, with possible first tendered construction contracts in 2023. Junction with A1 near Sebeș – Alba Iulia – junction with A3 near Turda 70 / 70 Operational on the entire length since 2021.Wall-Street.ro 'Șova: Lucrările la Autostrada Turda – Sebeș încep în 20 mai pe două tronsoane' DEx11 Junction with A1 near Arad – Oradea – junction with A3 near Biharia 118 / 3.5 Only junction with A1 and DN1-A3 segments operational. The first expressway segment (Oradea bypass) opened in March 2024. Additional tendering planned for 2024. The Oradea West bypass (18.96 km) is operational, of which 16.035 km between Sântandrei - Biharia (A3) forms DEx16. Junction with A1 near Sibiu – Făgăraș – Brașov – Sfântu Gheorghe – Onești – junction with A7 near Răcăciuni 281 / 0 Mentioned in the 2014 Masterplan; intended as a link between southern Transylvania and Moldavia. First segments of the Sibiu-Brașov section were tendered in 2022; the other segments are in planning stages. DEx14 Junction with A7 near Botoșani – Suceava – Vatra Dornei – Bistrița – junction of A15 near Dej – Baia Mare – Satu Mare – Oar → Hungary 436 / 9 The Satu Mare bypass was opened to expressway standards in 2022, 8.672 km being part of DEx14. Feasibility studies being completed for Satu Mare–Oar section, with likely tendering in 2023. Feasibility studies for Suceava–Baia Mare–Satu Mare (390 km) are in early planning stages, likely to be mostly built as expressways.

Expressways Planned expressways according to CNADNR (Romanian National Company of Motorways and National Roads):

Expressway Name Route Length (km) / in use (km) Remarks DEx1 Bessarabia Mărășești – Bârlad – Albița 160 / 0 Intended as a connection between Bucharest and Chișinău. Was a government priority around 2010, but was disfavored towards the A8 project, and unlikely to have built segments in the near future. DEx4 Someș Petreștii de Jos – Cluj-Napoca – Gherla – Dej 75 / 5 First segment Petreștii de Jos - Tureni is open since 10 July 2025 DEx6 Danube Junction with A4 near Brăila – Galați 10.77 / 0 Tendered in 2021; likely opening date in 2024. DEx7 Bukovina Suceava - Siret 55.7 / 0 Undergoing feasibility studies. DEx8 Dobruja Brăila - Tulcea - Constanța - Mangalia 269.9 / 22.2 Constanța bypass A4 (22.20 km) is operational. Brăila - Constanța (187.7 km) and Agigea - Vama Veche (60 km) sections are currently under design. DEx11 Crișana Arad – Chișineu-Criș – Solonta – Oradea 120.47 / 0 Tendered in February 2024. DEx12 Oltenia Pitești – Slatina – Craiova 121 / 121 The entire road was inaugurated on 31 July 2025. DEx14 Horea, Cloșca and Crișan Satu Mare - Oar 10.9 / 0 Tendered in 2024. DEx16 Oradea Bypass Oradea Ring Expressway - A3 12.9 / 12.9 Length is 18.96 km, of which 12.9 km is express road and the rest a national road (DN1Y) with two lanes in each direction. Operational on the entire length since March 2024. Muntenia Buzău – Făurei – Brăila 98 / 0 The triangle with A7 is closed by the Milcovia expressway. Undergoing feasibility studies. Milcovia Brăila – Slobozia Ciorăști (Focșani) 79 / 0 The triangle with A7 is closed by the Muntenia expressway. Undergoing feasibility studies. Vlad Țepeș Găești – Târgoviște – Ploiești 76 / 0 The triangle with A7 is closed with the DX18, named Milcovia highway. Undergoing feasibility studies. Valahia Bucharest Ring Road – Târgoviște 62.21 / 0 Undergoing feasibility studies. Bistrița Berești-Bistrița (Bacău) – Piatra Neamț 52 / 0 Undergoing feasibility studies. Avram Iancu Românași – Jibou 20 / 0 CNAIR approved the signing of the partnership agreement with the Sălaj County Council for the realization of the technical documentation. Targu Jiu Craiova – Filiași – Târgu Jiu 58.597 / 0 Undergoing feasibility studies. In March 2024 the government approved the technical-economic indicators for this expressway. Maramureș Baia Mare – Satu Mare (bypass) 55 / 0 In the planning phase. Mihai Eminescu Suceava – Botoșani 26 / 0 In the planning phase.

European routes Total length of European routes in Romania at the end of 2019 is 6,176 km (3837.5 mi).

Class A Map of European routes passing through Romania — (Austria, Slovakia, Ukraine) – Halmeu – Dej – Bistrița – Suceava – Botoșani – Târgu Frumos – Iași – Sculeni – (Republic of Moldova, Ukraine, Russia) — (France, Switzerland, Austria, Hungary) – Borș – Oradea – Cluj-Napoca – Turda – Târgu Mureș – Brașov – Ploiești – Bucharest – Urziceni – Slobozia – Constanța – (Georgia, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, China) — (Hungary) – Nădlac – Arad – Deva – Sebeș – Miercurea Sibiului – Sibiu – Brașov — (Spain, France, Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Serbia) – Timișoara – Drobeta-Turnu Severin – Craiova – Alexandria – Bucharest – Giurgiu – (Bulgaria, Turkey, Georgia) — (Hungary) – Borș – Oradea – Beiuș – Deva – Petroșani – Târgu Jiu – Filiași – Craiova – Calafat – (Bulgaria, Greece) — (Ukraine) – Halmeu – Livada – Satu Mare – Zalău – Cluj-Napoca – Turda – Sebeș – Miercurea Sibiului – Sibiu – Pitești – Bucharest – Constanța — (Lithuania, Belarus, Ukraine) – Siret – Suceava – Roman – Bacău – Buzău – Urziceni – Bucharest – Giurgiu – (Bulgaria, Greece) — (Ukraine) – Galați – Brăila – Tulcea – Constanța – Vama Veche – (Bulgaria, Turkey)

Class B — Bacău – Onești – Târgu Secuiesc – Brașov – Pitești – Craiova — Cluj-Napoca – Dej — Ploiești – Buzău — Sărățel – Reghin – Toplița – Gheorgheni – Miercurea Ciuc – Sfântu Gheorghe – Chichiș — Mărășești – Tecuci – Bârlad – Huși – Albița – (Republic of Moldova, Ukraine) — Săbăoani – Iași – Sculeni – (Republic of Moldova, Ukraine) — (Ukraine, Republica Moldova) – Galați – Slobozia — Timișoara – Arad – Oradea – Satu Mare — Lugoj – Deva — Constanța – Agigea – Negru Vodă – (Bulgaria) — Drobeta-Turnu Severin – Porțile de Fier – (Serbia)

National roads

Total length (including European routes and Highways) of National Roads in 2019 is 17,873 km (11105.77 mi), an increase from 17,272 km (10,732 mi) in 2015. The majority of National Roads (DN) are single carriageway, with only 12.5% being dual carriageway. A major problem being that many National Roads (drumuri naționale) have no ring roads around cities and towns, disrupting the traffic flow (i.e. making traffic condition more difficult).