Cartography is the study of map making and, cartographers are map makers.
Before 1400
Anaximander, Greek Anatolia (610 BC–546 BC), first to attempt making a map of the known world Dicaearchus, Magna Graecia (c. 350 BC–285 BC), philosopher, cartographer, geographer, mathematician, author Angelino Dulcert (14th century), author of the earliest known Mallorcan portolan charts of the Mediterranean Ende, Spain (), illustrator, cartographer, nun Eratosthenes, Ptolemaic Egypt (276 BC–194 BC), Greek scientist, mathematician, geographer, and cartographer Gyōki, Japan (668–749), Buddhist monk, cartographer, surveyor, and civil engineer, Hecataeus of Miletus, Greek Anatolia (550 BC–476 BC), geographer, cartographer, and early ethnographer Hipparchus, Greek Anatolia (190 BC–120 BC), astronomer, cartographer, geographer al-Idrisi, Sicily (1100–1166), Arab cartographer, geographer and traveller Isidore of Seville, Hispania (560–636) al-Khwārazmī, Caliphate (9th century), Persian cartographer, geographer, and polymath Liu An, China (179 BC–122 BC), geographer, cartographer, author of the Huainanzi Marinus of Tyre, Roman Syria (c. AD 70–130), GreekHubert Cancik and Helmuth Schneider (ed.): "Marinus", Brill's New Pauly, Brill, 2010: M. of Tyre (Μαρῖνος; Marînos), Greek geographer, 2nd century AD geographer, cartographer and mathematician, who founded mathematical geography Pei Xiu (224–271), Chinese geographer and cartographer Maximus Planudes, Byzantine Empire (13th century), monk credited with restoring the texts and maps of Ptolemy Ptolemy, Ptolemaic Egypt (c. 85–165), Greek astronomer, cartographer, and geographer Shen Kuo, China (1031–1095), polymath scientist and statesman, author of the Dream Pool Essays, which included a large atlas of China and foreign regions, and also made a three-dimensional raised-relief map Su Song, China (1020–1101), horologist and engineer; as a Song dynasty diplomat, he used his knowledge of cartography and map-making to solve territorial border disputes with the rival Liao dynasty Pietro Vesconte, Genoese cartographer, author of the oldest signed Portolan chart (1311)
15th century
Jacobus Angelus, Florence, translated Ptolemy into Latin Martin Behaim (Germany, 1436–1507) (15th century), from Ancona, author of several portolan charts of the Mediterranean Benedetto Bordone (Venetian Republic 1460–1551) Sebastian Cabot (1476–1557), Venetian explorer Leonardo da Vinci (Italy, 1452–1519) Gabriel de Valseca (15th century), Mallorcan, author of several portolan charts of the Mediterranean Erhard Etzlaub (1460–1532) Donnus Nicholas Germanus (Germany, fl. 1460–1475) Henricus Martellus Germanus (Germany, fl. 1480–1496) Olaus Magnus (Olof Månsson) (Sweden, 1490–1557), published Carta Marina in 1539 Fra Mauro (Venice, c. 1459) Piri Reis (Dardanelles, Ottoman Empire, 1465–1554/1555), author of the Kitab-ı Bahriye Johannes Ruysch (Netherlands, c. 1466–1530), explorer, cartographer, astronomer, manuscript illustrator and painter Hartmann Schedel (Germany, 1440–1514) Amerigo Vespucci (Republic of Florence, 1454–1512) Martin Waldseemüller (Germany, c. 1470–c. 1521/1522) Johannes Werner (Germany, 1466–1528), refined and promoted the Werner map projection
16th century
Giovanni Battista Agnese (c. 1500–1564), Genoese, cartographer, author of numerous nautical atlases Hacı Ahmet, Ottoman Tunisian cartographer, translated 16th-c. map into Turkish for the Ottoman Empire Peter Apian (1495–1552), also known as Peter Bienewitz, German geographer and astronomer, author of the Apianus projection Philipp Apian (1531–1589) Joost Janszoon Bilhamer (Netherlands, 1541–1590) Willem Janszoon Blaeu (Netherlands, 1571–1638), father of Joan Blaeu Giovanni Battista Boazio, mapped Sir Francis Drake's voyage to the West Indies and America Georg Braun (Germany, 1541–1622), cartographer Anders Bure (Sweden, 1571–1646), founder of Swedish cartography Hernando de los Ríos Coronel (1559–1621?), cosmographer and cartographer, mapped Taiwan (Isla Hermosa), Luzon and part of the Chinese coast Jacob Roelofs van Deventer (Netherlands, c. 1510/15–1575) Fernão Vaz Dourado (India, c. 1520–c. 1580), Portuguese cartographer of the school initiated by Lopo Homem Oronce Finé (France, 1494–1555) Gemma Frisius (or Reiner Gemma) (Netherlands, 1508–1555) Diego Gutiérrez (Spain, ?), published a map entitled Americae Sive Quartae Orbis Partis Nova Et Exactissima Descriptio with printer Hieronymus Cock; first map with toponym "California" and first appearance of a word for "Appalachia," as the term "Apalchen" Jan Van Hanswijk (Netherlands, fl. 1594) Martin Helwig (Germany, 1516–1574) Augustin Hirschvogel (Germany, 1503–1553) Diogo Homem (Portugal 1521–1576), cartographer, son of Lopo Homem Lopo Homem (Portugal?–1565), co-author, with the Reinel family, of the well-known Miller Atlas Jodocus Hondius (Netherlands, 1563–1612) Johannes Honterus (Transylvania, 1498–1549) Gerard de Jode (Netherlands, 1509–1591) Joan Martines (Messina, Sicily, died 1591) Urbano Monti (Italy, 1544–1613) Jacques le Moyne (France, c. 1533–1588) Guillaume Le Testu (France, c. 1509–1573) Gerardus Mercator (Netherlands, 1512–1594) Sebastian Münster (Germany, 1488–1552) Abraham Ortelius (France, 1527–1598), generally recognized as the creator of the first modern atlas Petrus Plancius (Netherlands, 1552–1622) Timothy Pont (Scotland, 1565–1614) Jorge Reinel (Portugal c. 1502–c. 1572), Portuguese cartographer, son of Pedro Reinel Pedro Reinel (Portugal ?–c. 1542), author of the oldest signed Portuguese nautical chart Diogo Ribeiro (Portugal, ?–Sevilha, 1533), author of the first known planisphere with a graduated Equator (1527) Christopher Saxton (England, born c. 1540) John Speed (England, 1542–1629) Luís Teixeira (Portugal, ?–?), author of an important atlas of Brazil Bartolomeu Velho (Portugal, ?–1568), cosmographer and cartographer Lucas Janszoon Waghenaer (Netherlands, 1533/34–1605/06), driver, cartographer Edward Wright (England, 1561–1615), mathematician and cartographer
17th century
Pieter van der Aa (Netherlands, 1659–1733) João Teixeira Albernaz I (Portugal, died c. 1664), prolific cartographer, son of Luís Teixeira Pedro Teixeira Albernaz (Portugal, c. 1595–1662), Portuguese cartographer author of an important atlas of the Iberian Peninsula and a map of Portugal (1656) Guillaume Le Vasseur de Beauplan (France, c. 1600–1673), French cartographer who created first descriptive map of Ukraine François Berthelot (France), cartographer of the Mediterranean Sea Johannes Blaeu (Netherlands, 1596–1673) Emanuel Bowen (1693/4–1767), engraver and map makerEmanuel Bowen Giovanni Cassini ( Cassini I, Italy & France, 1625–1712) Jacques Cassini (a.k.a. Cassini II, France, 1677–1756) Greenville Collins (British, 1643–1694) Vincenzo Coronelli (Venetian, 1650–1718) Guillaume Delisle (French, 1675–1726) Hessel Gerritsz (Netherlands, 1581–1632), cartographer for the VOC Isaak de Graaff (Netherlands, 1668–1743), cartographer for the VOC Johann Homann (Germany, 1664–1724), geographer Henricus Hondius (Netherlands, 1597–1651) Willem Hondius (Netherlands, 1598–1652/58) Johannes Janssonius (Netherlands, 1588–1664) Johannes van Keulen (Netherlands, 1654–1715) Joannes de Laet (Netherlands, 1581–1649) Michael van Langren (Netherlands, 1600–1675) Alain Manesson Mallet (France, 1630–1706) Matthäus Merian Sr. (Switzerland, 1593–1650) and Jr. (Switzerland, 1621–1687) David de Meyne (Netherlands, c. 1569–1620) Herman Moll (Germany?/England, 1654–1732) Robert Morden (England, 1650–1703) Giovan Battista Nicolosi (Italy, 1610–1670) Dirck Rembrantsz van Nierop (Netherlands, 1610–1682), cartographer, mathematician and astronomist Jean-Baptiste Nolin (France, c.1657–1708) John Ogilby (Scotland, 1600–1676) Nicolas Sanson (France, 1600–1667) Peter Schenk the Elder (Germany, 1660–1718/19) Johannes Vingboons (Netherlands, 1616/17–1670), cartographer and aquarellist Georg Matthäus Vischer (Austria, 1628–1696), cartographer, topographer and engraver Claes Jansz Visscher (Netherlands, 1587–1652) Nicolaes Visscher I (Netherlands, 1618–1679) Anna van Westerstee Beek (Netherlands, 1657–1717), Dutch cartographer, produced city and battle maps Frederik de Wit (Netherlands, 1610/16–1698) Nicolaes Witsen (Netherlands, 1641–1717), diplomat, cartographer, writer and mayor of Amsterdam
18th century
John James Abert (United States, 1788–1863), headed the Corps of Topographical Engineers for 32 years and organized the mapping of the American West Anders Åkerman (Sweden, 1721/23–1778), first globemaker in Sweden John Arrowsmith (England, 1790–1873), member of the Arrowsmith family of geographers Louis Albert Guislain Bacler d'Albe (France, 1761–1824), also artist and longtime strategic advisor to Napoleon Agostino Codazzi (Italy, 1793–1858) John Lodge Cowley, cartographer, mathematician and geographer Joseph Frederick Wallet DesBarres (1721–1824), created Atlantic Neptune John Gibson, map c. 1758 Jacques-Nicolas Bellin (1703–1772), chief cartographer to the French navy William Bligh (England, 1754–57 December 1817), Sship's master during the infamous Bounty mutiny and noted free-hand cartographer Rigobert Bonne (France, 1727–1795), royal cartographer to France in the office of the Hydrographer at Depot de la Marine Jean Baptiste Bourguignon d'Anville (France, 1697–1782) Abel Buell (1742–1822), published the first map of the new United States created by an American Catharina Buijs (1714–1781), Dutch cartographer for the Dutch East India Company Dimitrie Cantemir (Moldavia and Russia, 1673–1723) Jean-Dominique Cassini (a.k.a. Cassini IV, France, 1748–1845) César-François Cassini de Thury (a.k.a. Cassini III, France, 1714–1784) Thomas Frederick Colby (England, 1784–1852) James Cook (Captain RN) (1728–1779), navigator and naval chart maker Simeon De Witt (1756–1834), successor to Robert Erskine and surveyor-general of the State of New York Louis Isidore Duperrey (French, 1786–1865) Johann Friedrich Endersch (Germany, fl. 1755) Colonel Robert Erskine (1735–1780), geographer and surveyor-general of the Continental Army during the American Revolution William Faden (England, 1749–1836), successor to Thomas Jefferys Joseph de Ferraris (1726–1814), Austrian cartographer of the Austrian Netherlands Louis Feuillée (France, 1660–1732) Matthew Flinders (British, 1774–1814), Royal Navy officer; circumnavigated Australia and made exploration of the Australian coastline Björn Gunnlaugsson (Iceland, 1788–1876) Samuel Gustaf Hermelin (Sweden, 1744–1820) Pierre Jacotin (France, 1765–1829) Thomas Jefferys (England, c. 1710–1771), geographer of King George III of the United Kingdom Thomas Kitchin (1718–1784), London-based cartographer and engraver of maps of England, greater Europe, and parts of the British Empire; at one time held the titles "Senior Hydrographer to His Majesty" and "Senior Engraver to His Royal Highness the Duke of York" Fielding Lucas, Jr. (c. 1781–1854), of the Lucas Brothers, Baltimore, US Murdoch McKenzie (Scotland, died 1797) Edme Mentelle (France, 1730–1816) Henri Michelot (France, born c. 1664), Marseilles, France, hydrographer and pilot of the Royal Galley John Mitchell (1711–1768), colonial British American mapmaker Thomas Livingstone Mitchell (England, 1792–1855) Robert Moresby (England, 1794–1863) Thomas Moule (England, 1784–1851) William Mudge (England, 1762–1820) Friedrich Christoph Müller (Germany, 1751–1808) Carlton Osgood (United States, †1816) Adriaan Reland (Netherlands, 1676–1718), linguist and cartographer Thomas Richardson (Scotland) John Rocque (England, 1709–1762) William Roy (England, 1726–1790) John Senex (1690–1740), engraver, publisher, surveyor and geographer to Queen AnneJohn Senex Matthäus Seutter (Germany, 1678–1757) Philip Johan von Strahlenberg (1676–1747) Inō Tadataka (Japan, 1745–1818), Surveyor and cartographer who completed the first surveyed map of Japan David Thompson (British–Canadian, 1770–1857) Daniel-Charles Trudaine (France, 1703–1769)