The German Reform Party (German: Deutsche Reformpartei or DRP) was a far-right political party active in the German Empire. It had antisemitism as its ideological basis.
The initial German Reform Party was established in 1880 by Alexander Pinkert, a Saxony-based antisemite, as a strongly antisemitic and palingenetic party, advocating the elimination of the Jews and the rebirth of Germany. However this initiative only lasted until 1891.Matthew Lange, Antisemitic Elements in the Critique of Capitalism in German Culture, 1850-1933, Peter Lang, 2007, pp. 126-127
The later version of the DRP was established in either 1889 or 1890 by Otto Böckel and Oswald Zimmermann, who had been involved in the original party, under the name Antisemitic People's Party.Richard S. Levy, Antisemitism: A Historical Encyclopedia of Prejudice and Persecution, ABC-CLIO, 2005, p. 22 It was based in Erfurt in Saxony.Christian Davis, Colonialism, Antisemitism, and Germans of Jewish Descent in Imperial Germany, University of Michigan Press, 2012, p. 26 The Deutscher Antisemitenbund, an initiative of Wilhelm Pickenbach, was also included as part of the newly formed party.Lange, Antisemitic Elements in the Critique of Capitalism in German Culture, p. 151 The new party's main aim was the repeal of Jewish emancipation.Michael C. Thomsett, The German Opposition to Hitler: The Resistance, the Underground, and Assassination Plots, 1938-1945, McFarland, 1997, p. 9
The party contested the 1890 German federal election, winning four seats in the Reichstag.Davis, Colonialism, Antisemitism, and Germans of Jewish Descent in Imperial Germany, p. 33 It increased its total to eleven in 1893. The party officially adopted the name of the DRP to fight the latter election.
In 1894, the DRP merged with the similarly antisemitic German Social Party to form the German Social Reform Party.Lange, Antisemitic Elements in the Critique of Capitalism in German Culture, p. 183 The drive for the merger of the two parties had been led by Zimmermann and was unsuccessfully opposed by Böckel.Robert Melson, Revolution and Genocide: On the Origins of the Armenian Genocide and the Holocaust, University of Chicago Press, 1996, p. 118 Having lost his seat in 1903, Böckel faded from politics after the merger.Dan S. White, The Splintered Party: National Liberalism in Hessen and the Reich, 1867-1918, 1976, p. 146
Following the dissolution of the merged party in 1900 Zimmermann returned to using the DRP moniker and continued to sit in the Reichstag until 1910.Walther Killy (ed.), Dictionary of German Biography: Thibaut - Zycha, Volume 10, Walter de Gruyter, 2006, p. 705 In March 1914, the DRP merged again with the German Social Party to form the German Völkisch Party (DvP).
Election results + Reichstag Date Votes Seats Position Size No. % ± pp No. ± 1903 138,344 1.46 New New 10th 1907 114,807 1.02 0.44 0 11th 1912 60,758 0.50 0.52 2 15th
See also Political parties whose policies involve antisemitism
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