Barybin () is a Russian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Olexandr Mykolayovych Barybin (born 1951), a Ukrainian politician Andriy Mykolayovych Barybin (born 1965), a Soviet and Ukrainian Paralympian Konstantin Sergeyevich Barybin (1908–1994), a Soviet and Russian mathematician and educator
Also Barybin, Kursk Oblast, a khoetor in Medvensky District of Kursk Oblast