Khunjerab National Park () is a national park in Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan. Khunjerab National Park is Pakistan's third largest national park, and is adjacent to the Taxkorgan Natural Reserve in China.
Etymology Khun means "blood" and jerav means "to stream" in Wakhi, the native language of the region.
History Khunjerab National Park was established primarily as a means to protect the Marco Polo sheep (as well as snow leopards and bharal) living in the area. The borders of the park were mapped by George Schaller of the Wildlife Conservation Society in 1974, after a short field survey. The park was formally established on 29 April 1975 by Prime Minister of Pakistan Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, who said that "it must become a world famous park".
Despite being listed as a category 2 national park, banning human activities including agriculture and hunting, the park was poorly managed, meaning that illegal hunting of the Marco Polo sheep continued. Because of this, the International Union for Conservation of Nature commissioned Norwegian biologist Per Wegge to do a wildlife survey of the park in 1988. Wegge found that there was no evidence of competition between the domestic sheep being illegally grazed and the wild Marco Polo sheep, and that most of the illegal hunting was not being done by local Wakhi residents. He therefore proposed that the park be reclassified, allowing grazing and commercial hunting, with the profits going to local residents. However, the government overlooked Wegge's suggestions, instead drawing up a new management plan, which both the IUCN and the World Wildlife Fund supported as a means to preserve the park and protect the wildlife. Wegge was critical of the government scheme, claiming that it was based on financial considerations, with the Pakistani government hoping to attract tourists to the area. The IUCN agreed with this, and has since distanced itself from the national park. To help protect the animals from poaching, the WWF has created the Khunzerav Village Organization, which relies on people living in the area to report poaching or endangered animal sightings. This park was created on 29 April 1975 on the recommendation of wildlife biologist Dr. George Schaller. Over half of the park is above 4,000 m. Khunjerab Pass, the gateway to China via the Karakoram Highway, is at 4,934 m.
There is an ATM considered as the world's highest ATM at a height of above sea level, installed by National Bank of Pakistan is located near the China-Pakistan border crossing at Khunjerab Pass.
Wildlife The primary purpose of this park was to provide protection to the endangered Marco Polo sheep, which is only found in this area in Pakistan. According to the Mir of Hunza, the population of sheep was around 400 but had dropped to below 180 by the time of the completion of the Karakoram Highway. A herd of almost 75 Marco Polo sheep was recorded in the spring of 1984 and park staff saw at least 50 crossing the pass in May 1989. In 2012, the population count was further down to 41, all being immigrant population from China.
The park is also home to snow leopards, containing one of their highest density in the Himalayan ecosystem, which is the natural habitat of these cats. Over 1,000 Siberian ibex, widely distributed in the park, are also present here. In Shimshal area, 1,692 blue sheep were counted in a 2025 survey by the Government of Gilgit-Baltistan.
Feral or semi-feral animals especially domestic yaks can be seen roaming in the park.
Mammals Total species: 17. Mammals in the park include: Name of animalScientific nameStatusPicturesCommon pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus Least concern Grey long-eared bat Plecotus austriacus Near Threatened Indian wolf Canis lupus pallipes Endangered Hill fox Vulpes vulpes montana Data Deficient Himalayan brown bear Ursus arctos isabellinus Critically Endangered Snow leopard Panthera uncia Critically Endangered Himalayan ibex Capra sibirica Near Threatened Bharal Pseudois nayaur Endangered (Shimshal area only) Marco Polo sheep Ovis ammon polii Critically Endangered Kiang equus kiang Least concern Cape hare Lepus capensis Vulnerable Large-eared pika Ochotona macrotis Least Concern Long-tailed marmot Marmota caudata Least Concern Kashmir field mouse Apodemus rusiges Least concern Grey dwarf hamster Nothocricetulus migratorius Least concern
Birds 45 avian species are found in the Khunjerab National Park. Name of birdScientific namePicturesBlack Redstart Phoenicurus ochruros White-capped redstart Phoenicurus leucocephalus Güldenstädt's redstart Phoenicurus erythrogastrus Blue whistling thrush Myophonus caeruleus Blue rock thrush Monticola solitarius Desert wheatear Oenanthe deserti Red-fronted serin Serinus pusillus Common rosefinch Carpodacus erythrinus Great rosefinch Carpodacus rubicilla Plain mountain finch Leucosticte nemoricola Grey wagtail Motacilla cinerea Masked wagtail Motacilla alba personata Citrine wagtail Motacilla citreola White wagtail Motacilla alba Red-billed chough Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax Alpine chough Pyrrhocorax graculus Common raven Corvus corax Eurasian golden oriole Oriolus oriolus Lesser whitethroat Curruca curruca Brown dipper Cinclus pallasii Common chiffchaff Phylloscopus collybita Greenish warbler Phylloscopus trochiloides Horned lark Eremophila alpestris House sparrow Passer domesticus Rock bunting Emberiza cia Wallcreeper Tichodroma muraria Brown accentor Prunella fulvescens Radde's accentor Prunella ocularis Long-tailed shrike Lanius schach White-eared bulbul Pycnonotus leucotis Bearded vulture Gypaetus barbatus Himalayan vulture Gyps himalayensis Eurasian sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus Common kestrel Falco tinnunculus Golden eagle Aquila chrysaetos Chukar partridge Alectoris chukar Himalayan snowcock Tetraogallus himalayensis Snow pigeon Columba leuconota European turtle dove Streptopelia turtur Common sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos Little stint Calidris minuta Common cuckoo Cuculus canorus Common hawk-cuckoo Hierococcyx varius Eurasian hoopoe Upupa epops Common moorhen Gallinula chloropus
Reptiles Two species of reptiles are found here: Name of animalScientific nameStatusPicturesHimalayan agama Paralaudakia himalayana Common Pakistani agama Laudakia pakistanica Common
See also Khunjerab Pass Northern Pakistan
References
Works cited
External links
WWFPak.org - Khunjerab Objects of Desire in the Northern Areas - Report by John Mock, UC Berkeley Mountain Protected Areas in Pakistan - Report by John Mock, UC Berkeley