Governors in the various provinces of the Viceroyalty of New Spain.

In addition to governors, the following list (under construction) intends to give an overview of colonial units of the provincial level; therefore it also includes some offices of similar rank, especially the intendant. Intendente is both a Spanish and Portuguese word, derived from the French Intendant. It was introduced to the Spanish Empire by the Bourbon Dynasty, which Spain shared with France after the early 18th century. This list also does not distinguish between Gobernaciones and Provincias, because they were essentially two grades of provinces.

Provinces under the Real Audiencia of Santo Domingo Under the judicial jurisdiction of the Real Audiencia of Santo Domingo and the administrative supervision of its President-Captain General with great autonomy from the Viceroy of New Spain.

Island of Santo Domingo 1492–1499 Christopher Columbus, as Governor or Viceroy of the Indies. 1499–1502 Francisco de Bobadilla, as Governor of the Indies. 1502–1509 Nicolás de Ovando y Cáceres, as Governor of the Indies. 1509–1518 Diego Columbus, as Governor of the Indies until 1511, thereafter as Viceroy of the Indies. 1526 Real Audiencia of Santo Domingo established. 1536 Viceroyalty of the Indies purchased by Crown from Luis Colón. Santo Domingo directly administered by the President-Captain General of the Audiencia of Santo Domingo. 1795–1808 Spanish part of the Island ceded to France in the Peace of Basel. Island ceases to be a Spanish possession. 1808–1821 After local revolts and subsequent defeat of the French, Santo Domingo realigns itself with Spain. Yet, this is the era of "Foolish Spain" and the colony is loosely held. 1821–1844 Haitian occupation of Santo Domingo by Jean-Pierre Boyer 1844–1861 Birth of the Dominican Republic as an independent country, yet due to fears of re invasion by the Haitian Armies, Dominican Republic realigns itself with Spain. 1861–1865 Territory is re-Colonized by Spain and Pedro Santana is appointed Governor and Captain General of the Colony of Dominican Republic. 1865 Dominican Republic is restored as a sovereign nation.

Island of Cuba See List of colonial heads of Cuba. 1510 Conquered by Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar, who becomes first Governor. 1511 Settlers create Municipality of Barbacoa to separate Island from the Viceroyalty of Diego Columbus. 1607 Governor given additional office of Captain General. Pedro Váldez first Governor-Captain General. 1765 Independent Intendancy created for the Island. First Intendant was Miguel de Altarriba. 1795 Audiencia of Santo Domingo moves to Cuba; becomes Audiencia of Puerto Príncipe. 1821 Collapse of the Viceroyalty of New Spain makes Island of Cuba principal possession of the Spanish Monarchy in America.

Island of Puerto Rico See List of governors of Puerto Rico. Under the jurisdiction of the Audiencia of Santo Domingo. 1508 First settlement established by Juan Ponce de León, who becomes first Governor. 1511 Island returned to the Viceroyalty of Diego Columbus. 1536 Crown purchases Viceroyalty from Luis Colón, Diego's son. 1536–1545 Each half of the Island administered by the Alcaldes of San Juan and San Germán. 1545 Governorship reestablished. 1580 Governor given additional office of Captain General. 1784 Governor-Captain General given additional office of Intendant. 1821 Collapse of Viceroyalty of New Spain. Island of Puerto Rico under the jurisdiction of the Audiencia of Puerto Príncipe, Cuba.

Province of Florida (1699–1763) See List of colonial governors of Florida. Intendancy issues handled by the Cuban Intendancy starting in 1763. 1565 Granted right to communicate directly to the Council of the Indies. Florida overseen by President of the Audiencia of Santo Domingo until subordinated to Cuba in 1763. 10 February 1763 Traded to Britain (exchanged for Cuba); division into two colonies, East Florida and West Florida. 9 May 1781 West Florida retaken by Spain. 23 September 1783 East and West Florida formally returned to Spain (subordinated to Cuba). 27 October 1785 Northern boundary of Florida established by the Treaty of San Lorenzo/Pinckney's Treaty. 22 February 1819 Ceded to U.S. by Adams-Onís Treaty.

Province of Nueva Andalucía Under the jurisdiction of the Audiencia of Santo Domingo until the creation of the Viceroyalty of New Granada in 1739. 1536 Province of New Andalusia created. 1568 New Andalusia joined with neighboring Province of Paria; first Governor Diego Hernández de Serpa. 1739 Under the jurisdiction of the Audiencia of Bogotá in judicial matters. 1739–1777 Maintained under the administration of the President of the Audiencia of Santo Domingo. 1777 Under the jurisdiction of the Audiencia of Santo Domingo in judicial matters; under the Captain General of Venezuela in administrative matters. 1786 Under the jurisdiction of the Audiencia of Caracas in judicial matters.

Louisiana (1762-1802) See List of colonial governors of Louisiana 23 November 1762 Ceded by France by Treaty of Fontainebleau 21 March 1801 Retroceded to France by Treaty of Aranjuez.

Provinces of New Spain

Province of Vera Cruz Under the jurisdiction of the Audiencia of Mexico. 1787 Intendencia of Vera Cruz, part of New Spain. 1821 Part of independent Mexico. 1824 Transformed into State of Veracruz.

Intendants of Vera Cruz

1787–1790 Pedro de Corbalán 1790–1794 Pedro Fernández de Gorositza y Lorea 1794–1796 Pedro Ponce 1796–1799 Diego García Panes 1799–1810 García Dávila 1810–1812 Carlos de Urrutia y Montoya 1812–1814 Pedro Telmo Landero 1814–1815 José de Quevedo 1816–1818 José Dávila (First time) 1818–1819 Pascual Sebastián de Liñán y Dolz de Espejo 1819–1821 José Dávila (Second time)

Kingdom of Mexico or New Spain Administered directly by the Viceroy and the Real Audiencia of Mexico; see List of viceroys of New Spain. See Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire for early history.

Province of Puebla Under the jurisdiction of the Audiencia of Mexico. 1787 Intendencia of Puebla established. 1821 Part of independent Mexico. 1824 Puebla transformed into the State of Puebla. 1846 as a State 49 of the United States 1898 as a State 18 of the Mexico

Intendants of Puebla 1787–1811 Manuel Flón y Tejada, conde de la Cadena 1811–1812 García Dávila 1812 Santiago de Irissari 1812–1813 Prudencio de Guadalfajara y Aguilera, conde de Castro Terreño 1814 Ramón Díaz Ortega 1814–1815 José Moreno y Daioz 1815–1816 Joaquín Estévez 1816–1821 Ciriaco del Llano

Province of Oaxaca Under the jurisdiction of the Audiencia of Mexico. 1521 Marquisate of the Valley of Oaxaca created for Hernán Cortés. 1787 Intendencia of Oaxaca, part of New Spain. 1821 Part of independent Mexico.

Intendants Oaxaca 1787–1808 Antonio de Mora y Peysal 1808–1810 Antonio María Izquierdo de la Torre 1810–1814 Joseph María Lazo y Nacarino 1814–1816 Francisco Rendón (First time) 1816–1818 Antonio Basilio Gutiérrez de Ulloa 1818–1821 Francisco Rendón (Second time)

Province of Valladolid Under the jurisdiction of the Audiencia of Mexico. 1787 Intendencia of Valladolid created. 1821 Part of independent Mexico. 1824 Valladolid transformed into State of Michoacán.

Intendants of Valladolid 1787–1791 Juan Antonio de Riaño y Bárcena de los Cuentos y Velarde 1797–1808 Felipe Díaz de Ortega Bustillo 1810–1821 Manuel Merino y Moreno

Province of Guanajuato Under the jurisdiction of the Audiencia of Mexico. 1787 Intendecia of Guanajuato created. 1821 Part of independent Mexico.

Intendants of Guanajuato 1787–1790 Andrés de Amat y Torosa 1790–1792 Pedro José Soriano 1792–1810 Juan Antonio Riaño y Barcena de los Cuentos y Velarde 1810–1821 Fernando Pérez Marañón

Province of San Luis Potosí Under the jurisdiction of the Audiencia of Mexico. 1787 Intendencia of San Luis Potosí created. 1821 Part of independent Mexico.

Intendants of San Luis Potosí 1787–1799 Bruno Díaz de Alcedo 1799–1800 Vicente Bernabeu 1800–1804 Onésimo Antonio Durán 1804–1805 Manuel Ampudía 1805–1809 José Ignacio Vélez 1809–1810 José Ruíz de Aguirre 1810–1821 Manuel Jacinto de Acevedo

Province of Yucatán (Mérida) 1517 Claimed for Spain. 1519 Spanish colonization of the Yucatán peninsula begins. 1527–1543 Province of Yucatán, subordinated to Nueva España (see Mexico). 1543–1549 Subordinated to the Kingdom of Guatemala (autonomous part of the Viceroyalty). 1543–1560 Part of Captaincy of Gracias (Yucatán, Chiapas, Tabasco, Panama and Central America). 1549–1550 Subordinated to Nueva España. 1550–1560 Subordinated to Guatemala. 1560 Subordinated to Nueva España. 1617 Captaincy General of Yucatán established. 1787 Intendencia of Mérida created. 28 September 1821 Part of independent Mexico. 1824 Yucatán transformed into a state.

Governors Yucatán 1526–1540 Francisco de Montejo (First time) 1540–1546 Francisco de Montejo, El Mozo (the younger) 1546–1549 Francisco de Montejo (Second time) 1549–1565 The Alcaldes of Mérida 1565–1571 Luis de Céspedes y Oviedo 1571–1573 Diego de Santillán 1573–1577 Francisco de Solís 1577–1582 Guillén de las Casas 1582–1586 Francisco de Solís 1586–1593 Antonio de Vozmediano 1593–1595 Alonso Ordóñez de Nevares 1595–1596 Pablo Higueras de la Cerda 1596–1597 Carlos Sámano y Quiñónes 1597–1604 Diego Fernández de Velasco y Enríquez de Almansa 1604–1612 Carlos de Luna y Arellano 1612–1617 Antonio de Figueroa y Bravo 1617–1619 Francisco Ramírez Briceño 1619–1620 The Alcaldes of Mérida 1620–1621 Arias de Losada y Taboada 1621–1628 Diego de Cardenas y Balda 1628–1630 Juan de Vargas Machuca 1631–1633 Fernando Centeño Maldonaldo (First time) 1633–1635 Jerónimo de Quero y Jiménez 1635–1636 Fernando Centeño Maldonaldo (Second time) 1636–1643 Diego Zapata de Cárdenas, marqués de Santo Floro 1643–1644 Francisco Núñez Melián 1644–1645 Enrique de Ávila Pacheco (First time) 1645–1648 Esteban de Azcárraga y Veytias 1648–1650 Enrique de Ávila Pacheco (Second time) 1650–1652 García Valdés de Osorio Dóriga y Tiñeo, marqués de Peñalba 1652–1653 Martín Roble y Villfañe 1653–1655 Pedro Saenz Izquierdo 1655–1660 Francisco de Bazán 1660–1662 José Campero y Campos 1663–1664 Juan Francisco Esquivel y de la Rosa (First time) 1664 Rodrigo de Flores y Aldana (First time) 1664–1667 Juan Francisco Esquivel y de la Rosa (Second time) 1667–1669 Rodrigo de Flores y Aldana (Second time) 1669–1670 Frutos Delgado 1670–1672 Fernando Francisco de Escobedo 1672–1674 Miguel Cordornio de Sola 1674–1677 Sancho Fernández de Angulo y Sandoval 1677–1683 Antonio de Layseca y Alvarado de la Ronda 1683–1688 Juan Bruno Téllez de Guzmán 1688–1693 Juan José de la Bárcena 1693–1699 Roque Soberanis y Centeño 1699–1703 Martín de Urzúa y Arizmendi, count of Lizárraga (first term) 1703–1706 Álvaro de Rivaguda Enciso y Luyando 1706–1708 Martín de Urzúa y Arizmendi, count of Lizárraga (second term) 1708–1712 Fernando de Meneses y Bravo de Saravia 1712–1715 Alonso de Meneses y Bravo de Saravia 1715–1720 Juan Jose de Vertiz y Ontanón 1720–1724 Antonio Cortaire y Terreros 1724–1733 Antonio de Figueroa y Silva Lasso de la Vega Ladrón del Niño de Guevara 1733–1734 Juan Fernández de Sabariego 1734–1736 Santiago de Aguirre Negro y Estrada Martínez de Maturana y Estrada 1736–1743 Manuel Ignacio Salcedo y Sierra Alta y Rado y Bedia 1743–1750 Anontio de Benevides 1750–1752 Juan José de Clou, marqués de Iscar 1752–1758 Melchor de Navarrette 1758–1761 Alonso Fernández de Heredia 1761–1762 José Crespo y Honorato 1762–1763 Antonio Ainz de Ureta 1763 José Álvarez 1763–1764 Felipe Ramírez de Estenoz 1764–1771 Cristóbal de Zayas 1771–1777 Antonio de Oliver 1778–1779 Hugo Ocónor Cunco y Fali 1779–1783 Roberto Rivas Betancourt 1783–1789 José Marino y Ceballos

Governor-Intendants of Mérida 1789–1793 Lucas de Gálvez 1793–1800 Arturo O' Neil y O' Kelly