List of heads of state of North Korea

The following is a list of heads of state of North Korea since its foundation in 1948.

History For most of its existence, North Korea has not specified a formal head of state. The 1948 constitution did not define a head of state, but with regard to political functions usually performed by the head of state, the Chairman of the Standing Committee of the Supreme People's Assembly (SPA) could be considered one. Kim Il Sung was, at the time, as Premier, merely the head of government but not of state. As his position grew more stable, he wanted to be recognized as the head of state instead. Foreign admirers first started calling him such, and in the 1972 constitution his position was formalized as the President of the republic.

After Kim Il Sung died in 1994, the presidency and hence the position of head of state was left vacant. While the late leader was titled the Eternal President of North Korea, the actual office of the President was written out of the constitution in 1998 making the head of state undefined again. His son and successor, Kim Jong Il, kept official titles given to him by the late president and never formally became the head of state. During this period, the president of the presidium of the SPA exercised many of the functions normally granted to a head of state, such as receiving ambassadors. Titles used by Kim Jong Un have constitutionally defined him as the Supreme Leader, but not formal head of state. However, amendments to the DPRK constitution in 2019 have granted the chairman of the State Affairs Commission (later renamed to president of the State Affairs), a title held by Kim, the status of representing the state and receiving and appointing ambassadors, effectively making him the head of state.

However, according to South Korean reports, Kim Yong-nam lost his status as head of state at the time of the 2009 constitutional amendment.

Heads of state of North Korea (1948–present) Portrait Name Term of office Political party Election Supreme leader Took office Left office Time in office Chairman of the Standing Committee of the Supreme People's Assembly Kim Tu-bong 9 September 1948 20 September 1957 Workers' Party of North Korea 1st SPA Kim Il Sung Workers' Party of Korea Choe Yong-gon 20 September 1957 28 December 1972 Korean Social Democratic Party 2nd SPA3rd SPA4th SPA Workers' Party of Korea President of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea Kim Il Sung 28 December 1972 8 July 1994 † Workers' Party of Korea 5th SPA6th SPA7th SPA8th SPA9th SPA Himself Vacant President of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly Kim Yong-nam 5 September 1998 9 April 2009 Workers' Party of Korea 10th SPA11th SPA Kim Jong Il Chairman of the National Defense Commission of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea Kim Jong Il 9 April 2009 17 December 2011 Workers' Party of Korea 12th SPA Himself President of the State Affairs Commission Kim Jong Un 17 December 2011 Incumbent Workers' Party of Korea 13th SPA14th SPA Himself

Timeline

List of heads of state of North Korea

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