Events Pre-1600 491 – Flavius Anastasius becomes Byzantine emperor, with the name of Anastasius I.; 672 – Consecration of Pope Adeodatus II following the death of Pope Vitalian. 1241 – Batu Khan defeats Béla IV of Hungary at the Battle of Mohi. 1512 – War of the League of Cambrai: Franco-Ferrarese forces led by Gaston de Foix and Alfonso I d'Este win the Battle of Ravenna against the Papal-Spanish forces. 1544 – Italian War of 1542–46: A French army defeats Habsburg forces at the Battle of Ceresole, but fails to exploit its victory.
1601–1900 1689 – William III and Mary II are crowned as joint sovereigns of Great Britain on the same day that the Scottish Parliament concurs with the English decision of 12 February. 1713 – France and Great Britain sign the Treaty of Utrecht, bringing an end to the War of the Spanish Succession (Queen Anne's War). Britain accepts Philip V as King of Spain, while Philip renounces any claim to the French throne. 1727 – Premiere of Johann Sebastian Bach's St Matthew Passion BWV 244b at St. Thomas Church in Leipzig, Electorate of Saxony (now Germany). 1809 – Battle of the Basque Roads: Admiral Lord Gambier fails to support Captain Lord Cochrane, leading to an incomplete British victory over the French fleet.; ; 1814 – The Treaty of Fontainebleau ends the War of the Sixth Coalition against Napoleon Bonaparte, and forces him to abdicate unconditionally for the first time. 1856 – Second Battle of Rivas: Juan Santamaría burns down the hostel where William Walker's filibusters are holed up. 1868 – Former shōgun Tokugawa Yoshinobu surrenders Edo Castle to Imperial forces, marking the end of the Tokugawa shogunate. 1871 - Funeral of Prince Alexander John of Wales at St Mary Magdalene Church, Sandringham. 1876 – The Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks is organized. 1881 – Spelman College is founded in Atlanta, Georgia, as the Atlanta Baptist Female Seminary, an institute of higher education for African-American women. 1885 – Luton Town F.C. is founded.
1901–present 1908 – , the last armored cruiser to be built by the Imperial German Navy, is launched. 1909 – The city of Tel Aviv is founded. 1921 – Emir Abdullah establishes the first centralised government in the newly created British protectorate of Transjordan. 1935 – Stresa Front: Opening of the conference between the British Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald, the Italian Prime Minister Benito Mussolini and the French Minister for Foreign Affairs Pierre Laval to condemn the German violations of the Treaty of Versailles. 1945 – World War II: American forces liberate the Buchenwald concentration camp. 1951 – Korean War: President Truman relieves Douglas MacArthur of the command of American forces in Korea and Japan. 1951 – The Stone of Scone, the stone upon which Scottish monarchs were traditionally crowned, is found on the site of the altar of Arbroath Abbey. It had been taken by Scottish nationalist students from its place in Westminster Abbey. 1952 – Bolivian National Revolution: Rebels take over Palacio Quemado. 1952 – Pan Am Flight 526A ditches near San Juan-Isla Grande Airport in San Juan, Puerto Rico, after experiencing an engine failure, killing 52 people. 1955 – The Air India Kashmir Princess is bombed and crashes in a failed assassination attempt on Zhou Enlai by the Kuomintang. 1957 – United Kingdom agrees to Singaporean self-rule. 1961 – The trial of Adolf Eichmann begins in Jerusalem. 1963 – Pope John XXIII issues Pacem in terris, the first encyclical addressed to all Christians instead of only Catholics, and which described the conditions for world peace in human terms. 1964 – Brazilian Marshal Humberto de Alencar Castelo Branco is elected president by the National Congress. 1965 – The Palm Sunday tornado outbreak of 1965: Fifty-five tornadoes hit in six Midwestern states of the United States, killing 266 people. 1968 – US President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Civil Rights Act of 1968, prohibiting discrimination in the sale, rental, and financing of housing. 1968 – A failed assassination attempt on Rudi Dutschke, leader of the German student movement, leaves Dutschke suffering from brain damage. 1970 – Apollo Program: Apollo 13 is launched. 1976 – The Apple I is created. 1977 – London Transport's Silver Jubilee AEC Routemaster buses are launched. 1979 – Ugandan dictator Idi Amin is deposed. 1981 – A massive riot in Brixton, south London, results in almost 300 police injuries and 65 serious civilian injuries. 1982 – American-Israeli reservist Alan Harry Goodman carries out a mass shooting at the Dome of the Rock, killing two Palestinians and injuring at least seven others. 1986 – FBI Miami Shootout: A gun battle in broad daylight in Dade County, Florida, between two bank/armored car robbers and pursuing FBI agents. During the firefight, FBI agents Jerry L. Dove and Benjamin P. Grogan are killed, while five other agents are wounded. As a result, the popular .40 S&W cartridge was developed. 1987 – The London Agreement is secretly signed between Israeli Foreign Affairs Minister Shimon Peres and King Hussein of Jordan. 1990 – Customs officers in Middlesbrough, England, seize what they believe to be the barrel of a massive gun on a ship bound for Iraq. 1993 – Four hundred fifty prisoners riot at the Southern Ohio Correctional Facility in Lucasville, Ohio, and would continue to do so for ten days, citing grievances related to prison conditions, as well as the forced vaccination of Nation of Islam prisoners (for tuberculosis) against their religious beliefs. 1993 – Guillem Agulló, pro-Catalan independence and anti-fascist Valencian young activist, is assassinated by a group of Spanish nationalists and neo-nazis in Montanejos. 2001 – The detained crew of a United States EP-3E aircraft that landed in Hainan, China, after a collision with a J-8 fighter, is released. 2001 – The Australia national men's soccer team sets a world record for the largest victory in an international association football match, winning the game 31–0 against American Samoa at the 2002 FIFA World Cup qualifiers for OFC. Australia's Archie Thompson also breaks the record for most goals scored by a player in an international match by scoring 13 goals. 2002 – The Ghriba synagogue bombing by al-Qaeda kills 21 in Tunisia. 2002 – Over two hundred thousand people march in Caracas towards the presidential palace to demand the resignation of President Hugo Chávez. Nineteen protesters are killed. 2006 – Iranian president Mahmoud Ahmadinejad announces Iran's claim to have successfully enriched uranium. 2007 – Algiers bombings: Two bombings in Algiers kill 33 people and wound a further 222 others. 2008 – Kata Air Transport Flight 007 crashes while attempting an emergency landing at Chișinău International Airport, killing eight. 2011 – An explosion in the Minsk Metro, Belarus, kills 15 people and injures 204 others. 2012 – A pair of great earthquakes occur in the Wharton Basin west of Sumatra in Indonesia. The maximum Mercalli intensity of this strike-slip doublet earthquake is VII (Very strong). Ten are killed, twelve are injured, and a non-destructive tsunami is observed on the island of Nias. 2017 – The tour bus of the German football team Borussia Dortmund is attacked with roadside bombs in Dortmund, Germany. Three bombs exploded as the bus ferried the team to the Westfalenstadion for the first leg of their quarter-final against Monaco. 2018 – An Ilyushin Il-76 owned and operated by the Algerian Air Force crashes near Boufarik, Algeria, killing 257. 2021 – Twenty-year-old Daunte Wright is shot and killed in Brooklyn Center, Minnesota, by officer Kimberly Potter, sparking protests in the city, when the officer mistakes her pistol for her taser. 2023 – During the Pazigyi massacre, an airstrike conducted by the Myanmar Air Force kills at least 100 villagers in Pazigyi, Sagaing Region.
Births Pre-1600 145 – Septimius Severus, Roman emperor (probable; died 211) 1184 – William of Winchester, Lord of Lüneburg (died 1213) 1348 – Andronikos IV Palaiologos, Byzantine Emperor (died 1385) 1357 – John I of Portugal (died 1433) 1370 – Frederick I, Elector of Saxony (died 1428) 1374 – Roger Mortimer, 4th Earl of March, heir to the throne of England (died 1398) 1493 – George I, Duke of Pomerania (died 1531) 1591 – Bartholomeus Strobel, Silezian painter (died 1650) 1592 – John Eliot, English lawyer and politician (died 1632)
1601–1900 1644 – Marie Jeanne Baptiste of Savoy-Nemours, Duchess of Savoy (died 1724) 1658 – James Hamilton, 4th Duke of Hamilton, Scottish peer (died 1712) 1683 – Jean-Joseph Mouret, French composer and conductor (died 1738) 1715 – John Alcock, English organist and composer (died 1806) 1721 – David Zeisberger, Czech-American clergyman and missionary (died 1808) 1722 – Christopher Smart, English actor, playwright, and poet (died 1771) 1749 – Adélaïde Labille-Guiard, French miniaturist and portrait painter (died 1803) 1755 – James Parkinson, English surgeon, geologist, and paleontologist (died 1824) 1770 – George Canning, Irish-English lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (died 1827) 1794 – Edward Everett, English-American educator and politician, 15th Governor of Massachusetts (died 1865) 1798 – Macedonio Melloni, Italian physicist and academic (died 1854) 1819 – Charles Hallé, German-English pianist and conductor (died 1895) 1825 – Ferdinand Lassalle, German philosopher and jurist (died 1864) 1827 – Jyotirao Phule, Indian scholar, philosopher, and activist (died 1890) 1830 – John Douglas, English architect (died 1911) 1837 – Elmer E. Ellsworth, American army officer and law clerk (died 1861) 1854 – Hugh Massie, Australian cricketer (died 1938) 1856 – Arthur Shrewsbury, English cricketer and rugby player (died 1903) 1859 – Stefanos Thomopoulos, Greek historian and author (died 1939) 1862 – William Wallace Campbell, American astronomer and academic (died 1938) 1862 – Charles Evans Hughes, American lawyer and politician, 44th United States Secretary of State (died 1948) 1864 – Johanna Elberskirchen, German author and activist (died 1943) 1866 – Bernard O'Dowd, Australian journalist, author, and poet (died 1953) 1867 – Mark Keppel, American educator (died 1928) 1869 – Gustav Vigeland, Norwegian sculptor, designed the Nobel Peace Prize medal (died 1943) 1871 – Gyula Kellner, Hungarian runner (died 1940) 1872 – Aleksandër Stavre Drenova, Albanian poet, rilindas and author of national anthem of Albania (died 1947) 1873 – Edward Lawson, English soldier, Victoria Cross recipient (died 1955) 1876 – Paul Henry, Irish painter (died 1958) 1876 – Ivane Javakhishvili, Georgian historian and academic (died 1940) 1878 – Percy Lane Oliver, British pioneer of volunteer blood donation (died 1944)Oliver, Percy Lane (2004) 'Oliver, Percy Lane (1878–1944)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, Retrieved on 5 May 2024. 1879 – Bernhard Schmidt, Estonian-German astronomer and optician (died 1935) 1887 – Jamini Roy, Indian painter (died 1972) 1893 – Dean Acheson, American lawyer and politician, 51st United States Secretary of State (died 1971) 1896 – Léo-Paul Desrosiers, Canadian journalist and author (died 1967) 1899 – Percy Lavon Julian, African-American chemist and academic (died 1975) 1900 – Sándor Márai, Hungarian journalist and author (died 1989)
1901–present 1903 – Misuzu Kaneko, Japanese poet (died 1930) 1904 – K. L. Saigal, Indian singer and actor (died 1947) 1905 – Attila József, Hungarian poet and educator (died 1937) 1906 – Dale Messick, American author and illustrator (died 2005) 1907 – Paul Douglas, American actor (died 1959) 1908 – Jane Bolin, American lawyer and judge (died 2007) 1908 – Masaru Ibuka, Japanese businessman, co-founded Sony (died 1997) 1908 – Dan Maskell, English tennis player and sportscaster (died 1992) 1908 – Leo Rosten, Polish-American author and academic (died 1997)